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15 2024 Jul
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Cleft lip and palate are congenital deformities characterized by an opening or split in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth

These conditions can occur independently or together, leading to varying degrees of facial and oral structure malformation.

· Cleft Lip: A split or separation in the upper lip.

· Cleft Palate: An opening in the roof of the mouth that can affect the hard palate, soft palate, or both.

CAUSES OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

Genetic Factors:

  • Family history increases the likelihood of these conditions.
  • Certain genes associated with facial development may play a role.

Environmental Factors:

  • Maternal exposure to harmful substances (alcohol, drugs, certain medications) during pregnancy.
  • Insufficient intake of essential nutrients like folic acid.
  • Maternal smoking and preexisting conditions like diabetes.

IMPACT AND CHALLENGES

Physical Challenges:

  • Problems with feeding, speech, and hearing.
  • Higher susceptibility to ear infections and dental issues.

Emotional and Social Challenges:

  • Social stigmatization and emotional distress due to visible deformities.
  • Impact on self-esteem and social interactions.

Multidisciplinary Care:

  • Involvement of surgeons, orthodontists, speech therapists, and psychologists.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for better outcomes.

TREATMENT OPTIONS

Surgical Intervention:

  • Usually performed within the first few months to a year of a child’s life.
  • Aims to close the gap, restore function, and improve appearance.
  • Multiple surgeries may be needed as the child grows.

Additional Treatments:

  • Speech therapy to address speech and language difficulties.
  • Orthodontic treatment to correct dental problems.
  • Continuous monitoring by healthcare professionals.

Long-term Care:

  • Comprehensive treatment and support enhance the quality of life.
  • Helps individuals lead healthy, fulfilling lives.